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Category Archives: Comprehensive Physical Assessment
Developmental considerations in physical assessment for toddler
THE TODDLER
This is Erikson’s stage of developing autonomy. However, the need to explore the world and be independent is in conflict with the basic dependency on the parent. This often results in frustration and negativism. The toddler may be difficult to examine; do not take this personally. Since he or she is acutely aware of the new environment, the toddler may be frightened and cling to the parent. Also, the toddler has fear of invasive procedures an dislikes being restrained. Read More
Developmental considerations in physical assessment for Infant
Children are different from adults. Their difference in size is obvious. Their bodies grow in a predictable pattern that is assessed during the physical examination. However, their behavior also is different. Behavior grows and develops through predictable stages, just as the body does. Each examiner needs to know the expected emotional and cognitive features of these stages and to perform the physical examination based on developmental principles (Erikson, 1963; Wong, 1999) Read More
Ears Assessment - What are the things to ask?
1. Earache. Any earache or other pain in ears?
* Location – feel close to the surface or deep in the head?
* Does it hurt when you push on the ear?
* Characters – dull, aching, or sharp, stabbing? Constant or come and go? Is it affected by changing position of head? Ever had this kind of pain before?
Read More
Eyes assessment - What are the things to ask?
1. Vision difficulty (decreased acuity, blurring, blind spots). Any difficulty seeing or any blurring Come on suddenly, or progress slowly? In one eye or both?
* Constant, or does it come and go?
* Do objects appear out of focus, or does it feel like a clouding over objects? Does it feel like “grayness” of vision?
* Do spots move in front of your eyes? One or many? In one or both eyes?
Read More
Head and neck, including regional lymphatics - What are the things to ask?
1. Headache. Any unusually frequent or unusually severe headaches?
* Onset. When did this kind of headache start?
* Gradual, over hours, or a day?
* Or, suddenly, over minutes, or less than 1 hour
* Ever had this kind of headache before?
Read More
Nose, mouth and throat assessment - What are the things to ask
1. Discharge. Any nasal discharge or runny nose? Continuous?
* Is the discharge watery, purulent, mucoid, bloody? Read More
Skin, hair and nail assessment subjective data - What are the things to ask?
1. Previous history of skin disease. Any previous skin disease or problem?
* How was this treated?
* Any family history of allergies or allergic skin problem?
* Any known allergies to drugs, plants, animals?
* Any birthmarks, tattoos? Read More