During later years, the tasks are developing the meaning of life and one’s own existence and adjusting to changes in physical strength and health.
Position
• The older adult should be sitting on the examination table.
• Arrange the sequence to allow a few position changes as possible.
• Allow rest periods when needed
Preparation
• Adjust examination pace to meet possible slowed pace of the aging person. It is better to break the complete examination into a few visits to rush through the examination and turn off the person.
• Use physical touch (unless there is a cultural contraindication). This is especially important with the aging person because other senses, such as vision and hearing may be diminished.
• Do not mistake diminished vision or hearing for confusion. Confusion of sudden onset may signify a disease state. It is noted by short-term memory loss, diminished thought process, diminished attention span, and labile emotions.
• Be aware that aging years contain more of life’s stress. Loss is inevitable, including changes in physical appearance of the face and body, declining energy level, loss of job through retirement, loss of financial security, loss of long-time home, and health of friends or spouse. How the person adapts these losses significantly affects health assessment.
Sequence
Use the head-to-toe approach as in the younger adult.