Role: As the coenzyme THFA (tetrahydrofolic acid), involved in DNA and RNA synthesis, red blood cell maturation, synthesis of neurotransmitters, and metabolism of homocysteine and other amino acids. Important for reproduction.
Deficiency: Anemia. Impaired immunity. Diarrhea. Neuropathy, depression, confusion, fatigue. Sore inflamed mouth and tongue. Possible relation to cardiovascular disease from homocysteine build-up. Inadequate folate early in pregnancy related to neural tube birth defects such as spina bifida.
Sources: Fortified breakfast cereals, wheat germ. Leafy green vegetables, asparagus, broccoli, cauliflower. Oranges. Peanuts, legumes, seeds such as pumpkin or sunflower. Liver.
Toxicity: Masks vitamin B12 deficiency. Allergic reactions possible. May interfere with anti-seizure medications.